LOGISTICS FOR DATA
of raw data. It provides context, relevance and meaning to the data. Trough data fusion techniques, such as correlation, aggre- gation and filtering, the information is synthesized to create a more coherent and meaningful representation of the operational environment. Knowledge is the result of synthesizing relevant information, identifying patterns, relationships and trends, and extracting actionable insights. Wisdom represents the highest level of the DIKW hierarchy. It goes beyond the immediate situ- ational understanding and incorporates broader context, strategic thinking and long-term implications.
By linking and combining related elements, raw data is trans- formed into higher levels in the DIKW hierarchy, enabling commanders and operators to gain a holistic understanding of the battlefield, make well-informed decisions and take appro- priate actions. Army Techniques Publication (ATP) 6-01.1, Techniques for Effective Knowledge Management, breaks this down as follows: “Staffs use processes to produce information from data and analyze and evaluate that information to produce knowledge. Staffs provide collective knowledge to commanders who apply experience and judgment to transform that knowl- edge into understanding.” (Te Army uses “understanding” in place of the more nebulous “wisdom.”)
Te Army is developing a concept of operations for decision- driven data to describe the transition path to a “data-centric Army,” where systems and networks become secondary to the data they transmit and contain.
DEMAND SIGNAL Identifying the demand for resources is key to the flow of logis- tics. Where are these resources needed, how many and how frequently? In the logistics of those resources, like ammunition and fuel, the term “just-in-time” refers to a delivery at the time of need, to balance resources against other demands and eliminate storage at the point of use. If ammunition is delivered too early, it can become a storage issue. Units at the tactical edge would have to move excess ammunition from place to place, making them a more vulnerable target.
In the context of battlefield operations, just-in-time data refers to the timely delivery of information to decision-makers and oper- ators to ensure that commanders and personnel have access to the most up-to-date and relevant information, allowing them to adapt quickly to dynamic battlefield situations. Receiving infor- mation too late to make the decision to which the information is relevant is an obvious problem. If the information arrives too early, it can be outdated and lose its relevance as well. Te
42 Army AL&T Magazine Fall 2023
PROCESSING THE INFORMATION
Information is derived from the analysis, processing and organization of raw data. (Image by Elisha Gamboa, Naval Information Warfare Systems Command)
frequency with which data is collected by sensors or other inputs is driven by the demand signal for information.
Te decision point provides the demand signal for data. Do I attack or stand ground? Do I move this unit first or this one? Do I fire mortars or call for air support? Questions are answered with information, which is derived from data. Anticipating which questions will be asked helps to ensure that data is being collected and the processes are in place to refine that data into informa- tion—or answers.
Tis data or information may include:
• Real-time updates on enemy positions, friendly force locations, terrain conditions, weather data and other relevant informa- tion that helps build a comprehensive understanding of the operational environment.
• Tactical intelligence regarding enemy capabilities, intentions, vulnerabilities and potential threats. This includes informa- tion gathered from various sources, such as human intelligence, signals intelligence and imagery intelligence.
• Data related to logistics and supply chain management, includ- ing the availability of ammunition, fuel, medical supplies and other critical resources. This information ensures that the necessary resources are allocated efficiently to support ongo- ing operations.
• Information about communication networks and infra- structure, including the status of communication channels,
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