ASYMMETRIC TRAINING
QUALIFYING ROUNDS
Soldiers of the 100th Missile Defense Brigade shoot down pop-up targets during the brigade’s semiannual 9mm range practice at Fort Carson, CO, Sept. 3. The range consists of five tables in which Soldiers must hit 16 out of 30 targets to qualify. (U.S. Army photo by SGT Michael Cost)
proximity and hit detection as well as the targets’ behavior for near-miss events, determine the lethality for hit events, and generate valuable after-action review data. By contrast, the obstacle avoidance sensor would be used primarily to allow the target system to move autonomously in a training venue and in conjunction with other autonomous systems. This would be required to increase realism and meet safety requirements, including concerns regarding ricochet, tripping, and other factors.
improved and unimproved terrains, as well as throughout an urban area.
hits and near misses.
can survive the lethality of the live fire training environment.
In short, the system could allow for 3-D representations of either virtual or constructive training entities to be environment and act within an integrated training event. The system would be free to move, act, and react based upon the initial conditions, training focus, and changes in either the live, virtual, or constructive training domain, making each event unique and ensuring a greater variety of training. This would also help avoid the negative training associated with on-deck Soldiers gaining insight into the targets’ locations and behaviors before they start the exercise.
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS There are multiple underlying chal- lenges to achieving these performance
98 Army AL&T Magazine
requirements for an autonomous target system.
The core technology focus for an autonomous target system would be on achieving adaptive individual, group, and vehicular behaviors. This focus should seek to embed or integrate the autonomous target platforms with a SAF simulation model, allowing the tar- get presentation to behave and react in line with the standard models while also allowing for various scenarios.
reaction behaviors and behavior prob- modes of operation to support different styles of learning. If the SAF models are run centrally, they could be used to cre- ate group behaviors and dynamics. If the SAF models are decentralized (on the tar- get system), then a mesh communication system would have to be integrated to support the creation of group behaviors and dynamics.
A secondary focus would be on developing and integrating sensor arrays for ballistic
The autonomous target system would also require a mechanism to track its geo- position, for internal use or reporting purposes. These data would be synchro- nized with terrain map and/or other tracking technology to allow for direct manipulation of the autonomous target system virtually, using real-time controls.
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS The technologies required for an autonomous target system exist today; the challenges lie in the integration, protection, and affordability of the solution, posing a dilemma of trade-offs. The more technology is integrated into the solution, the more protection will be required, and the more the system will cost. Inversely, attempts at a more cost-effective solution are likely to come at the expense of multiple performance and survivability requirements; thus an affordable solution may be lacking in both protection and performance.
A quick market survey shows that multiple solutions are readily available, but they generally represent one of the three dilemmas noted above. One high-end solution meets the protection and function requirements but is unaffordable, for either immediate
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140 |
Page 141 |
Page 142 |
Page 143 |
Page 144 |
Page 145 |
Page 146 |
Page 147 |
Page 148 |
Page 149 |
Page 150 |
Page 151 |
Page 152 |
Page 153 |
Page 154 |
Page 155 |
Page 156 |
Page 157 |
Page 158 |
Page 159 |
Page 160 |
Page 161 |
Page 162 |
Page 163 |
Page 164 |
Page 165 |
Page 166 |
Page 167 |
Page 168 |
Page 169 |
Page 170 |
Page 171 |
Page 172 |
Page 173 |
Page 174 |
Page 175 |
Page 176 |
Page 177 |
Page 178 |
Page 179 |
Page 180 |
Page 181 |
Page 182 |
Page 183 |
Page 184 |
Page 185 |
Page 186 |
Page 187 |
Page 188 |
Page 189 |
Page 190 |
Page 191 |
Page 192 |
Page 193 |
Page 194 |
Page 195 |
Page 196 |
Page 197 |
Page 198 |
Page 199 |
Page 200 |
Page 201 |
Page 202 |
Page 203
