Te same cannot be said for current tactical Army networks where users may be located in physically and logically separated subnetworks and where the reliability of communication links can be intermittent, especially in contested spectrum environ- ments. Army units need the flexibility to discover and leverage all viable network options, allowing multiple pathways to criti- cal networks and data sources.


For ease of interaction with the network, an automated network selection system must maintain awareness of all available net- work connections, the status of each link and the source and destination of data to traverse the network. Tis system auto- mates the planning methodology practiced by units to designate the primary, alternate, contingency and emergency (PACE) means of communication used to build a mission-based com- munication plan.


In tactical Army networks, different communication solutions are available to provide connectivity between users across var- ied environments. Tese solutions vary widely by technology, protocol, throughput and other factors that must be evaluated for priority in a PACE plan. Most Soldiers are not specialists in establishing or maintaining the network. We must reduce the need for a Soldier to be an expert for every configuration interface of every network radio. An automated PACE system will ease Soldier interaction with data traversing the network without concern for how the data flows from source to destina- tion. Te automated network selection system can automatically,


intelligently and seamlessly route data over the available net- work connections as the PACE plan executes.


Another major element of network resilience is the need to decrease the probability of detection, as well as jamming and other types of interference. Future systems will minimize, or at least control, the spectrum signature a unit produces during normal operations, in order to defeat detection and eventual disruption. Te automated PACE system is also a means to miti- gate spectrum interference. When an enemy is successful with interference, the automated PACE system can maintain user- to-user connectivity during primary link disruption, and allow continued communications for units to accomplish mission objectives. Development of solutions for use at-the-halt or near the tactical edge will include technologies from unconventional regions of the spectrum that are difficult to detect or jam, such as terahertz and ultraviolet radiation.


An increased understanding of the spectrum environment amid interference and congestion will enhance situational under- standing by helping to pinpoint sources of interference and their targets, and this will enable persistent network connectivity. To achieve spectrum awareness, we will leverage every receiver on the battlefield as a spectrum sensor to yield relevant data for signals intelligence, electronic warfare and radio frequency communications. Often, the same dataset can be used to sup- port related mission needs, such as those of electronic warfare or offensive cyber operations. Te spectrum data not only feeds


SHRINKING SIGNATURES


Army communication systems of the future will minimize a unit’s spectrum signature to thwart detection and disruption. To that end, Army S&T is developing technologies that use nontraditional portions of the EM spectrum. (U.S. Army photo by CERDEC)


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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / DASA(R&T)


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