A Soldier-system-centric approach also defines accuracy as the extent to which rifle designs facilitate aim stabilization and mitigate the effect of recoil for fol- low-on shots. Tus, accuracy includes:
• Te degree to which a weapon’s fire selector is easily accessible to right- and left-handed Soldiers with hand sizes ranging from the 5th to 95th percentile.
• Te extent to which the size, shape, weight and center of gravity of the rifle’s design facilitate mobility and manipu- lation when transitioning between targets or maneuvering through small areas.
• Te ease of maintenance requirements and malfunction procedures.
• Te round capacity, trajectory of the ammunition used and the changing the magazine.
ease of
• Te compatibility with enabling sys- tems and the operational capability of the enabler itself.
Tis definition, combined with the specifications for target effects, is a Soldier-system-centric way of determin- ing accuracy.
A COLLECTIVE EFFORT Current policy requires an Army HSI assessment for each acquisition milestone, beginning at Milestone B. However, PM SW recognizes the importance of estab- lishing underlying design parameters for systems that bridge the operational—not simply the technical—capability gaps.
Tis calls for maintaining productive partnerships with other organizations involved in the process. For PM SW, they include most notably the Lethality
ARMY HUMAN-SYSTEMS INTEGRATION DOMAINS: TRAINING MANPOWER
The number of military and
civilian personnel required and available to
operate, maintain, sustain and provide training for systems.
PERSONNEL
The cognitive and physical capabilities required to be able to train for, operate, maintain and sustain materiel and information systems.
The instruction or education and on-the-job or unit training required to provide personnel their essential job skills, knowledge and attitudes.
HUMAN FACTORS
ENGINEERING
The integration of human characteristics into system definition, design, development and evaluation to optimize human- machine performance under operational conditions.
SYSTEM SAFETY
The design features and operating characteristics of a system that serve to minimize the poten- tial for human or machine errors or failures that cause injurious accidents.
SOLDIER SURVIVABILITY
The characteristics of a system that can reduce fratricide, detectability and probability of being attacked, and minimize system damage, Soldier injury and cognitive physical fatigue.
HEALTH HAZARDS
Considerations in the design features and operating characteristics of a system that create significant risks of bodily injury or death; prominent sources of health hazards include acoustics energy, chemical substances, biological substances, temperature extremes, radiation energy, oxygen deficiency, shock (not electrical), trauma and vibration.
THE MANY ASPECTS OF HSI The Army’s HSI program considers optimization in multiple domains that affect total system per- formance. Each domain constitutes a piece of the larger HSI picture. (SOURCE: Human Systems Integration office, HQDA G-1)
Branch, Soldier Division, of the U.S. Army Maneuver Center of Excellence (MCoE) at U.S. Army Training and Doc- trine Command (TRADOC), and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Human Research and
Engineering Director-
ate (ARL-HRED) of the U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM).
PM SW works closely with ARL-HRED and MCoE to support upfront assessment and experimentation that are geared toward defining these parameters, inte- grating HSI earlier in the PM’s acquisition
efforts and providing HSI support to the requirements process. Tus the focus of acquisition efforts broadens from system- centric to Soldier-system-centric.
ARL-HRED is the lead for the Army HSI Program (AR 602-2, “Human Systems Integration in the System Acquisition Process”). For maximum effectiveness, we must consider HSI far earlier than when an HSI assessment is required. Being able
to
identify and investigate HSI
considerations in concept development, thereby influencing requirements genera- tion and science and technology (S&T)
ASC.ARMY.MIL 15
ACQUISITION
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